Choose a transformation, then inspect it
Uppercase and lowercase replace the letters in the actual string. This differs from a font or CSS style that merely displays letters in a different case. Copy a short sample into a plain text field when you need to know which representation you have. The conversion does not correct spelling, detect names or decide an organization’s preferred capitalization.
Initial capitals are a mechanical rule
The initial-capitals action capitalizes the first letter of each token after lowering the rest. It is useful when that exact convention is required, but it is not a language-aware editorial title style. Articles and prepositions do not automatically receive a special treatment. An acronym can be changed into a form that should be corrected by a reader.
Worked example
café → CAFÉ
| Lowercase | café |
|---|---|
| Uppercase | CAFÉ |
| Characters in each | 4 |
Accents are part of the letter
Accented letters keep their corresponding case mapping. A correctly written “café” can become “CAFÉ”; an apostrophe typed instead of an accent is not repaired by this action. Review quotations and names from other languages because language-specific casing rules can differ. The selected interface language is also used for locale-aware case conversion.
Conversion can change the length
Some Unicode case mappings expand one letter into several characters. The string “Straße” becomes “STRASSE” under the conversion used here. Count the transformed result again before inserting it into a field with a strict limit. Do not assume that converting back recovers every original sequence; preserve a source copy when exact identity matters.
Separate conversion from comparison
If your aim is removing duplicate lines while keeping the original spelling, use the duplicate-line tool’s comparison option instead of lowercasing the whole list first. That tool can preserve the first original occurrence. Case conversion and identifying equivalent records are different operations, especially for identifiers and mixed-language data.